HUMAN BRAIN

GENERAL STUDY  

SSC, RRB ALP, RRB D GROUP, RRB RPF, UPSC, RPSC, RSMSSB , IBPS, BANKING

HUMAN BRAIN

A human brain is the largest, the developed structure in the anatomy
of human beings and other well-organized organisms.
ü The human brain is made up of about 100 billion neurons and it weighs
about 1300 gm -1400gm or 3 pounds.
ü The human brain is covered by a membrane called meninges
ü It is covered by a bony box called cranium which protects the brain
from any injury.
ü  The brain is called the Central Nervous System as it performs our
body’s decision and also is the communication center for organs and
activities.
The brain can be divided into three basic units:
v The forebrain / अग्रमस्तिष्क
v The midbrain / मध्यमस्तिष्क
v The hindbrain / पश्च मस्तिष्क
3. HIND BRAIN
Hind brain consists of three parts
ü Cerebellum / सेरेबेलम
ü Pons / पोन्स
ü Medulla / मेडुला

It lies below the cerebrum and at the back of the whole structure.
It coordinates the motor functions.
It is responsible for the precision of voluntary actions and maintaining
the posture and balance of the body.
Example /
ü When we are driving our bike, the perfect coordination between our
gear and steering control is achieved by the cerebellum.

1. FOREBRAIN
Forebrain consists of three parts
ü Cerebrum /
ü Thalamus /
ü Hypothalamus /

THE CEREBRUM
The cerebrum is the largest and most developed part of the human
brain.
The cerebrum is the center of wisdom, memory, willpower,
movements, knowledge, and thinking.
It holds our memories, allows you to plan, enables we to imagine and
think.
It allows we to recognize friends, read books, and play games.
THE THALAMUS
Thalamus is the center of pain, cold and heat.
THE HYPOTHALAMUS

The hypothalamus controls the hormonal secretion of endocrine
glands.
The hypothalamus is the center of Blood Pressure, sweat, anger, joy,
thirst, and hunger etc.
2. MIDBRAIN
This is the center of vision and hearing power.
Pons acts as a bridge between the brain and the spinal cord.
THE MEDULLA
It lies at the base of the brain and continues into the spinal cord.
It controls various involuntary functions.
Example / उिाहरर्:
Heartbeat action, respiration, size of the pupil, blood pressure,
salivation, respiration, coughing, sneezing, and vomiting etc.

MCQ OF HUMAN BRAIN

Q 1- The nervous is (SSC CGL Exam, 2002)
1-Basic unit energy /
2-Atom release during radioactive decay /
3-Repulsion of Neutron /
4-The basic unit of the Nervous system /
Ans:4
Q.The tissue in man where no cell division occurs after birth
Nerves /
Connective /
Germinal
Ans:2
The biological death of a patient means the death of tissues of the –


 1-Kidney /
2-Heart /
3-Brain /
4-Lungs /
Ans:3
The weight of the brain in the adult human is about –
1-1300-1400 gm.
2-1600-2000 gm.
3-1100-1300 gm.
4-1000-1200 gm.
Ans:1
Which of the following animal does not have the nervous system?
1-Leech /
2-Tapeworm /
3-Amoeba /
4-Snail /
Ans:3
The locomotory organ of Amoeba is
1-Pseudopodia /
2-Parapodia /
3-Flagella /
4-Cilia /
Ans:1
Which of the following living being has the respiratory organ, but does
not have the brain?
1-Crab /
2-Starfish /
3-Silverfish /
4-None of these /
Ans:2
Reflex actions are controlled by –
1-The brain /
2-The Spinal cord /
3-The nerves /
4-The cells /
Ans:2
Which part of the nervous system controls the activities of internal
organs?
1-Spinal cord /
2-Cerebrum /
3-Cerebellum /
4-Medulla oblongata /
Ans:4
The aquatic animal with the most developed intelligence is –
1-Shark /
2-Whale /
3-Flying Fish /
4-Seahorse /
Ans:1
The central control of respiratory activity in the human body is exercised by
1-Cerebrum /
2-Cerebellum /
3-Medulla oblongata /
4-Hypothalamus /
Ans: 3
Q.12. EEG records the activity of –
 1. Heart /
2. Lungs /
3. Brain /
4. Muscles /
Ans: 3
Q.13. The human brain is situated in a bony structure is called _____.
1. Benign /
2. Meninges /
3. Polonium /
4. Cranium /
Ans: 4
Q.14. The function of the hypothalamus in the brain is to link ____.
1. Ganglion and neuroglial /
2. Sensory dendrites and axons /
3. Endocrine system and nervous system /
4. Pituitary gland and thalamus /
Ans: 3
Q.15. The brain uses how many percentages of the body's energy?
1. 12 percent
2. 10 percent
3. 20 percent
4. 50 percent
Ans: 3
ü The adult brain weighs between 1300-1400 grams, which represents
about 3 percent of our body's total weight, yet it uses 20 percent of our
body's energy.
ü Relative to our body size, the human brain is bigger than that of any
other animal.
Q.16. Which part of the brainstem regulates our heartbeat?
1. Pons /
2. Medulla /
3. Hypothalamus /
4. Thalamus /
Ans: 2
 The medulla oblongata is located in the lower part of the brainstem
and is responsible for maintaining basic human functions that keep us
alive such as regulating breathing, heartbeat and blood pressure.
 The pons also plays a role in regulating breathing.
 The thalamus relays sensory information such as pain and
temperature from the spinal cord and cerebellum to the cerebral
cortex, while the hypothalamus controls functions such as regulating
body temperature and release of hormones.